Theoria

Opening guide · Repertoire for White

Scotch Game: learn the moves and ideas

For those who can’t wait to strike! Dynamic, open play where every move matters.

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Opening positionWhite to move.
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4

Two lines from our repertoire

Follow each line from the starting position. The notes explain the position after the displayed move, including the plan for the next move. These are repertoire examples; your opponent can choose other replies.

Pause at the diagrams to see the idea. The highlighted squares show the last move; the note explains what comes next.

Moves use international algebraic notation: N = knight, B = bishop, R = rook, Q = queen, K = king.

1. Scotch Game: Introduction

  1. 1. e4
  2. 1... e5
    After 1... e5

    We bring out the ♞ to f3, attacking the ♟e5

  3. 2. Nf3
  4. 2... Nc6
    After 2... Nc6

    We seize the center with ♟d2-d4, opening the diagonal for the dark-squared ♝

  5. 3. d4
  6. After 3... exd4White to move.
    At the board3... exd4
    After 3... exd4

    We take the ♟ — ♞f3xd4, sending the knight to the center and giving Black a chance to blunder

  7. 4. Nxd4
  8. 4... Nxd4
    After 4... Nxd4

    Knight exchange — the most popular move among players up to 1500 ELO. Despite the stats, it's a poor move because our ♛ becomes a strong central piece that's hard to chase away. We capture back with ♛xd4!

  9. 5. Qxd4
  10. 5... d6
    After 5... d6

    A solidifying move, allowing Black to continue development, opening the path for the light-squared ♝. Our plan is straightforward: develop the queenside (♞b1-c3, ♝c1-f4/g5, 0-0-0 with a future attack on the opponent's ♚ on the kingside or active play in the center

  11. 6. Nc3
  12. 6... Nf6
    After 6... Nf6

    We continue with the plan — ♝f4, getting closer to long castling!

  13. 7. Bf4
  14. After 7... Be7White to move.
    At the board7... Be7
    After 7... Be7

    We send the ♚ into a hideout on the queenside, away from the active events in the center of the board

  15. 8. O-O-O
  16. 8... O-O
    After 8... O-O

    After eight moves, White has a clear advantage: a seized center, actively placed pieces, and a clear plan (♟f2-f3, ♟g2-g4, ♟h2-h4-h5, ♝f1-c4) with a squeeze play on the kingside. We play ♟f2-f3, strengthening the ♟e4

  17. 9. f3
  18. 9... Be6
    After 9... Be6

    Remember the key rule: before launching a successful attack with opposite castling — secure your own ♚ first, opting for prophylaxis, sending it to b1 just in case. On this square, the ♚ usually feels more comfortable

  19. After 10. Kb1Black to move.
    At the board10. Kb1
    After 10. Kb1

    Don't forget to organize a ♟ advance on the kingside, taking more and more air from Black.

2. Popular Mistake 5... c5?

  1. 1. e4
  2. 1... e5
    After 1... e5

    We bring out the ♞ to f3, attacking the ♟e5

  3. 2. Nf3
  4. 2... Nc6
    After 2... Nc6

    We seize the center with ♟d2-d4, opening up the diagonal for the dark-squared ♝

  5. 3. d4
  6. After 3... exd4White to move.
    At the board3... exd4
    After 3... exd4

    We take the ♟ — ♞f3xd4, sending the knight into the center and giving Black a chance to make a mistake

  7. 4. Nxd4
  8. 4... Nxd4
    After 4... Nxd4

    Exchange of knights is the most popular move among players up to 1500 Elo. Despite the stats, it's a poor move because our ♛ becomes a strong piece in the center, not easily chased away. We capture back with ♛xd4!

  9. 5. Qxd4
  10. 5... c5
    After 5... c5

    A very common unforced error seen up to 1500 level. Black, on one hand, chases our ♛ from the center, but on the other, critically weakens the d5 square. We retreat the ♛ to d3 with an eye on quick piece development

  11. 6. Qd3
  12. 6... d6
    After 6... d6

    A strengthening move that allows Black to continue development, clearing the way for the light-squared ♝. Our plan is simple: develop the queenside (♞b1-c3, ♝c1-f4, 0-0-0) with further pressure on the backward ♟d6. Develop the knight!

  13. 7. Nc3
  14. After 7... Nf6White to move.
    At the board7... Nf6
    After 7... Nf6

    We bring the ♝ to f4 into the game, targeting the ♟d6

  15. 8. Bf4
  16. 8... Be7
    After 8... Be7

    Don't forget to send the ♚ to long castling, while bringing the ♜ to d1 with additional pressure on the backward ♟d6

  17. 9. O-O-O
  18. 9... O-O
    After 9... O-O

    Black has no satisfying defense, so they simply complete development. We take the ♟d6, securing "material profit"

  19. 10. Bxd6
  20. After 10... Bxd6White to move.
    At the board10... Bxd6
    After 10... Bxd6

    We capture back, offering a queen exchange

  21. 11. Qxd6
  22. 11... Qxd6
    After 11... Qxd6

    We capture with our ♜xd6, sending it into the opponent's territory

  23. 12. Rxd6
  24. 12... Ng4
    After 12... Ng4

    The simplest defense is to drop the ♜ down the file to d2, guarding the ♟f2

  25. After 13. Rd2Black to move.
    At the board13. Rd2
    After 13. Rd2

    With an extra pawn and a dominating position

Original commentary from Theoria’s opening lessons, prepared by FIDE Master Maksims Golubovskis.

Put the idea on the board

Open this opening in the trainer to study and practise its lines. Start with one line, explain the purpose of each move, then try to recall it without hints.

Your opening, explained by a master.

FIDE Master and the chess educator behind MaxounChess, Max prepares Theoria’s opening lessons to help you understand the plan and make your next move with purpose.

FMMaksims Golubovskis

Max has loved chess since childhood and wants to share that passion. For him, the game teaches more than moves: clear decisions under pressure, patience when plans fall apart, and the self-control to tackle problems calmly, on and off the board.